NetBIOS Name Resolution Component

Computer will not be able to interact by using NetBIOS name NetBIOS name will need to convert the IP address value before they can reach the actual goal. This is the NetBIOS name resolution process is the user can not see the work of this process (transparent to the user) process is useful because it allows users to remember IP address value that is more difficult. Remember the NetBIOS name.

NBT has mechanisms to determine the IP address or NetBIOS name Computer name is to send broadcast, LMHOSTS file and view the requested information from the WINS networks often use default values, which is find IP address.

If the broadcast packet sent by the network more complex, such as a WAN link can not send a broadcast packet, it can use the LMHOSTS file, however, for networks of large corporations that need to be central to management has been. WINS server application to manage NetBIOS name.

Until the current NetBIOS name resolution mechanism of action has developed greatly to search IP address can be effective. Mechanism has been added by the invention can find IP address of the Method 5.

1. Name Cache when necessary to search IP address from a NetBIOS name in the search name cache, which is always ranked first name cache is a shared memory for storage for use in the mapping.
   Between the NetBIOS name and IP address that the benefits of searching IP address from the name cache is reduced to sending request for information of the NetBIOS name IP Address to duplicate. Not that interested in how to submit information for that IP address is broadcast or WINS server, which allows it to work faster to name cache information of the computer can use the command NBTSTAT-c which is similar to the results. Example below.

C:\>nbtstat -c

Local Area Connection:
Node IpAddress: [192.168.97.111] Scope Id: []

NetBIOS Remote Cache Name Table

Name Type Host Address Life [sec]
————————————————————
A8-BROUHAHA <00> UNIQUE 192.168.97.241 602
A8-JUCK <00> UNIQUE 192.168.97.199 580
A8-MARUKO <00> UNIQUE 192.168.97.8 572

The last column on the right shows the number of times that data will remain in the name cache (the second) A set amount of time to data stored in the cache by editing parameters in the registry:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\
Services\NetBT\Parameters\CacheTimeout

CacheTimeout the default value is 600,000 milliseconds, or 10 minutes that can be adjusted to increase the network if the IP address rarely changes much.

Problems that will occur is the majority. When changing IP address.
Of the destination IP address information but in name cache is still value the old problems will not be able to communicate. Which can solve the problem by NBT order to refresh the data using the new command NBTSTAT-R.

2. Broadcast is a default IP address value of the search for Windows NT, this method is suitable only for small networks that broadcast query sent to do this through NetBIOS name service via UDP port 137.

When sending out broadcast query to all on the same subnet will receive the packet, which must interupt operation of the CPU to send the packet to all the network protocol must be to query the audit. their own name table that matches the NetBIOS request or if it does not match do not? If the machine will need to send a response message sent back to the broadcast query.

However, sending a broadcast query is considered the best way for small networks because LHHOSTS file or if a WINS server, administrators must spend time in the installation and setup is fairly long. And broadcast key method does not need to receive attention from administrators.

Usually broadcast query sent out a total of 3 times if you do not receive a response message returned by a broadcast query timeout is 750 milliseconds, which may say that if you send broadcast query to find the IP address of the node that closed itself down. Will take approximately 26 seconds so all will know that the node is not active broadcast query timeout value, this may be long or too fast for some, however, network administrators can set ???? Ltd. ?? add? minimizing timeout as if diluted broadcast query timeout value is 250 millisecons will take a reduction in waiting 26 / 3 seconds.

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\
Services\Netbt\Parameters\BcastQueryTimeout

Default value is 750 milliseconds (for a small network should adjust it. Allows access to network neighborhood faster)

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\
Services\Netbt\Parameters\BcastNameQueryCount

Default value is 3 meaning NBT query will be sent out 3 times if you do not receive a response message.

3. LMHOSTS File LM LM stands from a LAN Manager software before using Windows NT information in the lmhosts file is a text format! For the name of the computer to the IP address for the map can be even with the different subnet.

Lmhosts file is stored. <systemroot> \ drivers \ etc \ lmhosts. This file is not available by default, but the file is a file lmhosts.sam example.

Windows users can set that to resolve NetBIOS name lmhosts file by selecting the checkbox named “Enable LMHOSTS Lookup” under the Network Control Panel or the other way is how a set of Registry keys that have EnableLMHOSTS trade. 1, which was key.

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\
Services\Netbt\Parameters\EnableLMHOSTS

Has more suggestions for writing LMHOSTS files to maximize efficiency is to use the server name that most often placed on the top line. To remove a comment line and the line that specifies the server name not be used to put the bottom of the file.

4. WINS Server During the first implementation of TCP / IP for Unix is based on IP address and machine name from the HOSTS file to DNS system until the implementation of widely used as Microsoft’s Windows operating system will refer the name and IP address from the file LMHOSTS. Until a replacement for WINS server application that has DNS and WINS Server advantage is the same system can be controlled from a single point. Easy-care administrator.

WINS server is higher than the NT server or run a WINS server service, which other computer. The network computer will register that name with the WINS server information to be stored at a WINS server is the name and IP address.

Advantages of using a database of the WINS server NetBIOS name, IP address as one. Can easily maintain control. And continue to work across the subnet also want to know when the client name client-side IP address will be sent to the NetBIOS session service WINS server directly instead of sending a NetBIOS name service broadcast query sent to the network. This helps to reduce congestion of the network.

5. HOSTS File and DNS NT  operating system version 4.0 and other versions have to be UNIX hostname of the system with the NetBIOS name resolution with the hosts file is stored. <systemroot> \ drivers \ etc \ hosts. This characteristic information stored in this file is two columns and the IP address hostname.

The advantages of bringing DNS system is used.

• Increase the flexibility of a name that NetBIOS name because traditional NetBIOS name length is limited to 15 characters (for Microsotf’s OS) the length of the name in the DNS system that can use up to 25 characters and also to Name a hierarchy can be used as another name. \ \ department.company.com \ share instead of \ \ dep_company \ share which can be easier to remember.
• In larger networks that deploy DNS, no need to install WINS server concurrently. It gives time and the duplication of data. In addition to the DNS system can be more like a WINS server load balancing.
• The system can also set DNS name have multiple names for the 1 IP address to NetBIOS name as the name of the computer has only 1 name to 1 machine. And the name change is a necessary action without any need to modify the client machine.